Azelaic acid

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Name	Nonanedioic acid
Synonyms	Azelaic acid
Name in Chemical Abstracts	Nonanedioic acid
CAS No	123-99-9
EINECS No	204-669-1
Molecular formula	C₉H₁₆O₄
Molecular mass	188.23
SMILES code	O=C(O)CCCCCCCC(=O)O

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KMnO₄ / KOH

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; Side reactions

1H NMR

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¹H-NMR: Nonanedioic acid
250 MHz, DMSO-d₆
delta [ppm]	mult.	atoms	assignment
1.25	m	6 H	4-H, 5-H, 6-H
1.47	m	4 H	3-H, 7-H
2.18	t (³J = 7.3 Hz)	4 H	2-H, 8-H
ca. 12	broad s	2 H	COOH
2.49			DMSO

¹³C-NMR

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¹³C-NMR: Nonanedioic acid
62.5 MHz, DMSO-d₆
delta [ppm]	assignment
23.9	C3, C7
27.6	C5
27.8	C4, C6
33.1	C2, C8
173.4	COOH
39.5	DMSO-d₆

Azelaic acid(123-99-9)¹³CNMR

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IR: Nonanedioic acid
[KBr, T%, cm^-1]
[cm^-1]	assignment
3300-2500	O-H valence, superimposed on C-H valence
2962, 2887	aliph. C-H valence
1724	C=O valence, carboxylic acid

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Oxidation of ricinoleic acid (from castor oil) with KMnO4 to azelaic acid

Reaction type:	oxidation
Substance classes:	alkene, carboxylic acid, renewable resources
Techniques:	heating under reflux, stirring with magnetic stir bar, stirring with KPG stirrer, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, shaking out, extracting, evaporating with rotary evaporator, filtering, recrystallizing, heating with oil bath
Degree of difficulty:	Medium

Operating scheme

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Equipment

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Chromatogram

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TLC: crude product
TLC layer	Merck silica gel 60 F254, 5 x 10 cm
mobile phase	EtOH
staining reagent	0.1% solution of 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol sodium salt in 95% ethanol
Rf (educt)	0.70
Rf (product)	0.60

PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN FOOD

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Peshawar is one the oldest cities of South Asia. It is an entrance point of Pakistan from the Afghanistan. It was an important city of Subcontinent and a meeting and marketing place for the public of Middle East, India and central Asia. Afghan warriors used this way to enter into subcontinent.

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